The phenomenology of vote buying in Manaus: analysis of voter penalties and the effectiveness of electoral oversight
The phenomenology of vote buying in Manaus: analysis of voter penalties and the effectiveness of electoral oversight
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51473/rcmos.v1i2.2025.1528Keywords:
Vote buying; Manaus; Electoral Justice; Oversight; Democracy.Abstract
This article analyzes the phenomenon of vote buying in Manaus from a phenomenological perspective, seeking to understand not only the legal aspect but also the social and human dimensions that underpin it. The research adopts a qualitative approach, based on doctrinal review, analysis of electoral legislation, such as the 1988 Federal Constitution, Law No. 9,504/1997, and the Electoral Code, and the interpretation of precedents from the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) and the Regional Electoral Court of Amazonas (TRE-AM). The results indicate that, although Brazil has a solid set of regulations focused on electoral morality, the practical application of penalties remains limited. Difficulty obtaining evidence, witness intimidation, and the social vulnerability of part of the electorate compromise the effectiveness of punishments. Repression is more severe against candidates, while voter accountability tends to be mitigated by economic and cultural factors. A comparative analysis with Portugal, Mexico, and the United States demonstrates that combating vote buying is most effective when it integrates legal repression, civic education, and whistleblower protection. The conclusion is that addressing this problem in Manaus requires coordinated actions involving rigorous oversight, awareness-raising policies, and social inclusion, aiming to restore the authenticity of the vote and strengthen trust in democracy.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Giselly do Nascimento Aguiar, Rafael Aguiar Chã , Paulo Eduardo Queiroz da Costa (Autor)
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