Epidemiological analysis of maternal mortality due to hypertensive diseases in Piauí between 2013 and 2022
Epidemiological analysis of maternal mortality due to hypertensive diseases in Piauí between 2013 and 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51473/rcmos.v1i2.2025.1432Keywords:
Epidemiological Analyses. Maternal Mortality. Hypertensives Syndromes. Preeclampsia.Abstract
Introduction: Maternal mortality is a crucial public health indicator, influenced by the access to health care, socioeconomic conditions and quality of care. In Brazil, Gestational Hypertensive Syndromes (GHS) are one of the main causes of obstetric maternal death. Within the Northeast region, Piauí stands out as the state with the higher risk of maternal mortality. Objective: Describe the epidemiological profile of maternal mortality due to hypertensive diseases in Piauí, from 2013 to 2022. Method: This is a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, which provides information on live births from the Live Birth Information System and maternal deaths related to hypertensive syndromes in the Mortality Information System database for the years 2013 to 2022, in Piauí, available on DATASUS. Results: From the 406 maternal deaths, 100 (24.6%) were related to hypertensive disease. The majority of deaths occurred in 2019 and 2022, with eclampsia as the main cause of death (58%). The most affected age group was 30 to 34 years old (26%) and within eight to eleven years of schooling. Black women represent the majority of patients in this advanced stage (74%) and the period of the pregnancy-puerperal cycle with the highest number of deaths in the postpartum period (57%). Conclusion: The data collected can be used as a support to external public policies in order to improve prenatal services, emphasizing early diagnosis, risk assessments and the implementation of preventive measures. It is essential to prioritize comprehensive assistance throughout the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, ensuring access to medical support specialized in obstetric emergencies.
Downloads
References
ANANTH, C. V. et al. Historical and recent changes in maternal mortality due to hypertensive disorders in the United States, 1979 to 2018. Hypertension, v. 78, n. 5, p. 1414-1422, nov. 2021. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17661. PMID: 34510912; PMCID: PMC9218546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17661
ARAUJO, R. et al. Perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade de mulheres com eclâmpsia no estado de São Paulo no período de 2017 a 2021. Revista de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública-RESP, v. 2, n. 1, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59788/resp.v2i1.50
BERHAN, Y.; BERHAN, A. Should magnesium sulfate be administered to women with mild pre-eclampsia? A systematic review of published reports on eclampsia. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, v. 41, n. 6, p. 831-842, jun. 2015. DOI: 10.1111/jog.12697. PMID: 25833188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12697
BEZERRA, K.; DE ANDRADE, M. Mortalidade materna: um desafio para a saúde pública mundial. Gov.br, 2022. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/ebserh/pt-br/hospitais-universitarios/regiao-nordeste/hujb-ufcg/comunicacao/noticias/parto-seguro#:~:text=Em%201994%2C%20a%20Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Mundial,agravada%20pela%20gravidez%20ou%20por
. Acesso em: 24 nov. 2023.
CENTRO LATINO-AMERICANO DE PERINATOLOGIA, SAÚDE DA MULHER E REPRODUTIVA. Plano de ação para acelerar a redução da mortalidade materna e morbidade materna grave: Estratégia de monitoramento e avaliação. Montevidéu: CLAP/SMR, 2012.
CLÍNICO, G. Diretriz clínica para prevenção, diagnóstico e manejo de síndromes hipertensivas na gestação. Disponível em: https://www.einstein.br/DocumentosAcessoLivre/DIRETRIZ-CLINICA-PARA-PREVENCAO-DIAGNOSTICO-E-MANEJO-DE-SINDROMES-HIPERTENSIVAS-NA-GESTACAO-TMI.pdf
. Acesso em: 25 fev. 2024.
DIAS, J. M. G. et al. Maternal mortality. Revista Médica de Minas Gerais, v. 25, n. 2, 2015. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.5935/2238-3182.20150034 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5935/2238-3182.20150034
.
DIMITRIADIS, E. et al. Pre-eclampsia. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, v. 9, n. 1, p. 8, fev. 2023. DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00417-6. PMID: 36797292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-023-00425-6
FERNANDES, K. G.; SOUSA, M. H.; CECATTI, J. G. Skin color and maternal near miss: Exploring a demographic and health survey in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, v. 39, n. 5, p. 209-216, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603498
FISHEL BARTAL, M.; SIBAI, B. M. Eclampsia in the 21st century. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, v. 226, n. 2S, p. S1237-S1253, fev. 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.09.037. PMID: 32980358. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.09.037
GIORDANO, J. C. et al. The burden of eclampsia: results from a multicenter study on surveillance of severe maternal morbidity in Brazil. PLOS ONE, v. 9, n. 5, e97401, maio 2014. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097401. PMID: 24825164; PMCID: PMC4019598. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097401
HAUSPURG, A.; JEYABALAN, A. Postpartum preeclampsia or eclampsia: defining its place and management among the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, v. 226, n. 2S, p. S1211-S1221, fev. 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.027. PMID: 35177218; PMCID: PMC8857508. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.027
IBGE. Censo Demográfico 2022: População por cor ou raça – Resultados do universo. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2022. Disponível em: https://censo2022.ibge.gov.br/panorama/indicadores.html?localidade=N2[2
]. Acesso em: 25 fev. 2024.
IVES, C. W. et al. Preeclampsia-pathophysiology and clinical presentations: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, v. 76, n. 14, p. 1690-1702, out. 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.08.014. PMID: 33004135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.08.014
KATSURAGI, S. et al. Analysis of preventability of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy-related maternal death using the nationwide registration system of maternal deaths in Japan. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, v. 32, n. 20, p. 3420-3426, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1465549
LIMA, C. R. P. et al. Análise epidemiológica da mortalidade materna no Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Development, v. 9, n. 8, p. 24241-24258, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv9n8-073
MARQUES, S. R. L.; LEMOS, S. M. A. Letramento em saúde e fatores associados em adultos usuários da atenção primária. Trabalho, Educação e Saúde, v. 16, n. 2, p. 535-559, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-7746-sol00109
MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Departamento de Ações Programáticas. Manual de gestação de alto risco. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2022.
MUNANGA, K. Rediscutindo a mestiçagem no Brasil: identidade nacional versus identidade negra. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2019.
INSTITUTO DE PESQUISA ECONÔMICA APLICADA (IPEA). ODS – Metas nacionais dos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável. Brasília: Ipea, 2018. Disponível em: http://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/images/stories/PDFs/livros/livros/180801_ods_metas_nac_dos_obj_de_desenv_susten_propos_de_adequa.pdf
. Acesso em: 29 jan. 2024.
IPEA. ODS 3 – Saúde e Bem-estar. Brasília: Ipea, 2018. Disponível em: https://www.ipea.gov.br/ods/ods3.html
. Acesso em: 25 fev. 2024.
OLIVEIRA, I. V. G. et al. Maternal mortality in Northeast Brazil 2009-2019: spatial distribution, trend and associated factors. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde, v. 32, n. 3, e2022973, out. 2023. DOI: 10.1590/S2237-96222023000300009.EN. PMID: 37909520; PMCID: PMC10615180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222023000300009.pt
OSORIO, R. G.; PETRUCCELLI, J. L.; SABOIA, A. L. Características étnico-raciais da população – classificação e identidades. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2013. Disponível em: http://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv63405.pdf
. Acesso em: 01 jan. 2024.
PERAÇOLI, J. C. et al. Pré-eclampsia – Protocolo 2023. Rede Brasileira de Estudos sobre Hipertensão na Gravidez (RBEHG), 2023.
PEREIRA, G. T. et al. Perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade materna por hipertensão: análise situacional de um estado nordestino entre 2004-2013. Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online, v. 9, n. 3, p. 653-658, 2017. DOI: 10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i3.653-658. Disponível em: https://seer.unirio.br/cuidadofundamental/article/view/5526 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i3.653-658
. Acesso em: 8 set. 2025.
PHIPPS, E. A. et al. Pre-eclampsia: pathogenesis, novel diagnostics and therapies. Nature Reviews Nephrology, v. 15, n. 5, p. 275-289, maio 2019. DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0119-6. PMID: 30792480; PMCID: PMC6472952. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-019-0119-6
PHYLLIS, A.; SIBAI, B. M. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: approach to differential diagnosis. In: UpToDate, fev. 2023. Disponível em: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/126975
. Acesso em: 29 dez. 2023.
PHYLLIS, A. Treatment of hypertension in pregnant and postpartum patients. In: UpToDate, fev. 2024. Disponível em: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-hypertension-in-pregnant-and-postpartum-patients?search=maternal%20mortality%20hypertensive%20disorders%20postpartum&source=search_result&selectedTitle=4%7E150&usage_type=default&display_rank=4#H1551103579
. Acesso em: 5 fev. 2024.
POON, L. C. et al. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: a pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, v. 145, Suppl. 1, p. 1-33, maio 2019. DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.12802. PMID: 31111484; PMCID: PMC6944283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.12802
SAY, L. et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. The Lancet Global Health, v. 2, n. 6, e323-e333, jun. 2014. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70227-X. PMID: 25103301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70227-X
SULLIVAN, M. et al. Duration of postpartum magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis in women with preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, v. 35, n. 25, p. 7188-7193, 2022. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1946505. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2021.1946505
TINTORI, J. A. et al. Epidemiologia da morte materna e o desafio da qualificação da assistência. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, v. 35, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37689/acta-ape/2022AO00251
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Trends in maternal mortality 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva: WHO, 2019.
VIANA, R. C.; NOVAES, M. R. C. G.; CALDERON, I. M. P. Mortalidade materna: uma abordagem atualizada. Comunicação em Ciências da Saúde, p. 141-152, 2011.
WANG, E. et al. Social determinants of pregnancy-related mortality and morbidity in the United States: a systematic review. Obstetrics and Gynecology, v. 135, n. 4, p. 896-915, abr. 2020. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003762. PMID: 32168209; PMCID: PMC7104722. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000003762
WEISS, B. D. et al. Quick assessment of literacy in primary care: the newest vital sign. Annals of Family Medicine, v. 3, p. 514-522, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.405
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Clara Barradas Mineiro, Monise Araújo Sousa Borges (Autor)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This means you are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The use of this material is conditioned upon proper attribution to the original author(s), providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. The license does not require permission from the author or the publisher as long as these conditions are met.
The Creative Commons license logo is displayed permanently in the footer of the journal.
The copyright of the manuscript can be retained by the authors without restrictions and can be requested at any time, even after publication in the journal.
