Dental regeneration from stem cells: advances in contemporary dentistry - an integrative literature review
Dental regeneration from stem cells: advances in contemporary dentistry - an integrative literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51473/rcmos.v1i2.2025.1450Keywords:
dental regeneration; mesenchymal stem cells; regenerative dentistry.Abstract
Dental regeneration is one of the most promising areas of regenerative dentistry, with the potential to replace implants and prostheses with biologically functional teeth. Recent advances, such as the use of biomimetic hydrogels capable of inducing cell differentiation (King's College London, 2025) and the creation of hybrid teeth in decellularized pig scaffolds (Tufts University, 2025), demonstrate the viability of dental bioengineering. The objective of this article was to critically review the scientific literature on the use of dental mesenchymal stem cells - such as DPSCs, PDLSCs, SCAPs and SHEDs - as well as innovative cell-free approaches, such as exosomes, applied to dental regeneration. The search included databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and SciELO, between 2019 and 2025, including preclinical studies, clinical trials and institutional reports. The results show significant advances in the use of biomimetic scaffolds, injectable hydrogels and bioactive biomaterials associated with stem cells, capable of promoting dentin formation, periodontal regeneration and bone neoformation. In addition, therapies based on extracellular vesicles have potential as a safe alternative, with a lower risk of immunological rejection. Despite the progress, challenges related to methodological standardization, high costs and regulatory requirements remain, which still limit the broad clinical application. Therefore, dental regeneration is in a transition phase between experimental research and clinical practice, configuring itself as a viable and innovative alternative to conventional implant dentistry.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Maysa Ravena Carvalho dos Santos Silva, Magda Rafaella Santos Araújo, Fabricia Café de Oliveira, Gabrielly da Silva Sousa , Laurah Emanuelly de Sousa Ribeiro, Thiago Henrique Gonçalves Moreira (Autor)
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