Pathologies in industrial concrete floors: thermomechanical analysis, prevention, and crack mitigation from the perspective of structural performance

Abstract

Concrete, as a cementitious matrix composite material, represents the foundational element in the design of industrial infrastructures, notably in the execution of high-performance floors. The inherent complexity of its physicochemical microstructure, combined with the severe thermomechanical and dynamic stresses of the manufacturing environment, makes these pavements highly susceptible to premature pathological manifestations. The main objective of this scientific article is to conduct a deep and rigorous academic investigation into the main pathologies occurring in concrete floors, with emphasis on cracking phenomena, surface delamination, and differential settlements. The methodology adopted consists of a systematic and analytical deductive literature review, supported by the postulates of materials science, geotechnics, and structural cost engineering. The scope of the study dissects the mechanisms of hydraulic and plastic shrinkage, the thermodynamics of Portland cement hydration, bleeding failures during mechanical finishing, and the imperative need for homogeneity in the sub-base. The theoretical results peremptorily demonstrate that the mitigation of these anomalies demands a holistic approach that transcends mere mix design control, requiring the adoption of active curing methodologies, the exact dimensioning of shrinkage joints, and the application of cost engineering precepts focused on the building's useful life cycle. It is concluded that the absolute mastery of thermomechanical and executive variables is the only vector capable of ensuring the integrity, durability, and stability of concrete slabs, mitigating structural liabilities, and guaranteeing the performance required by contemporary technical standards.