Complete dentures in digital vs. Conventional workflow: efficiency, precision, aesthetics, and patient satisfaction: a literature review

Abstract

 An integrative literature review was conducted to compare digital complete dentures (CAD/CAM and 3D printing) with conventional methods, analyzing their efficiency, accuracy, mechanical properties, wettability, costs, and patient satisfaction. The methodology was based on an integrative review, searching the SCIELO and PUBMED databases (July-August 2025). Thirteen original articles from the last decade, in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, were selected and critically read and analyzed to compile distinct information. The results indicate that CAD/CAM milling offers high manufacturing precision, fit accuracy, and reduced surface roughness, outperforming 3D printing and conventional methods. Extraoral digital scanners have also demonstrated high accuracy. Digital methods reduce costs and the number of clinical visits. However, the flexural strength of 3D-printed resins is lower, and digital dentures may be more difficult to repair or experience aesthetic decline due to resin discoloration. The wettability of milled surfaces is superior. Patient satisfaction is generally positive, although conventional prostheses may be superior in phonetics and comfort. It is concluded that both methods are effective. Digital flow is a more modern and efficient alternative, promoting greater aesthetic and functional predictability. The choice of method should consider individual needs, costs, and available technology. Current research, however, presents contradictory results, requiring further investigation into reparability and accuracy consistency.