Between Technique and Reality: The Forensic Medical Institute of Manaus as a Pillar of Criminal Justice Amid Structural Limitation

Abstract

This article analyzes the role of the Instituto Médico Legal (IML) of Manaus as a key institution in the production of technical evidence for criminal justice, particularly in cases involving material traces. Based on Articles 158 to 184 of the Brazilian Code of Criminal Procedure, the study highlights the importance of official forensic expertise in ensuring due process and balancing the rights of victims and defendants. Despite its institutional relevance, the IML faces significant challenges, including staff shortages, inadequate infrastructure, and outdated technology, which hinder the quality and timeliness of forensic reports. The research combines direct observation, public data, and testimonies from professionals to reveal the urgent need for improvements. Proposed measures include process modernization, professional development for forensic experts, and the expansion of services to remote areas of the state. The study concludes that strengthening the IML is essential for a more effective and evidence-based criminal justice system and should be prioritized in public policy agendas.