Evaluation Of The Newborn Heart Screening Test As A Screening Tool For Congenital Heart Disease In A Public Hospital In Western São Paulo
Evaluation Of The Newborn Heart Screening Test As A Screening Tool For Congenital Heart Disease In A Public Hospital In Western São Paulo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51473/rcmos.v1i1.2026.2072Keywords:
Congenital heart disease, Neonatal screening, Newborn heart screening testAbstract
Congenital heart defects are structural defects of the heart and represent approximately 30% of all congenital malformations, with an incidence of 9.4 cases per 1000 live births, being the most common congenital disease in newborns. Critical considerations include heart defects manifesting in the neonatal period and complications from surgical intervention or interventional catheterization in the first days of life or up to the end of the first month of life, approximately 2 per 1000 live births. In these cases, there is a mixing of systemic and pulmonary blood circulation with reduced peripheral oxygen saturation; therefore, routine pulse oximetry measurement allows for early detection and referral for specific tests. Objective: To evaluate the incidence of positive newborn heart screening tests at the Regional Hospital of Presidente Prudente - SP from July 2022 to June 2024 and compare it with data found in current literature. Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using medical record review, examining newborns who underwent echocardiography before hospital discharge with a gestational age of 35 weeks or greater, who were asymptomatic, in a rooming-in setting, and who underwent pulse oximetry between 24 and 48 hours of life with a positive result. Results: 2057 newborns were evaluated, 4 presented with an abnormal newborn heart screening test, corresponding to an incidence of 0.19%. After follow-up and reassessment, the final diagnosis was normal in 100% of cases. Discussion: Evaluating the diagnosis of the identified heart conditions, none were described as critical, all presenting around 1 year of age as simple heart conditions without clinical repercussions. Their identification in the newborn heart screening test contributed to early referral to a specialist physician. Conclusion: Pulse oximetry testing is a mandatory assessment for both screening and diagnosis of critical congenital heart defects as well as non-critical congenital heart defects.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Matheus Emmanuel Oliveira Suniga , Giovana Marioto Pelizari, Luiz Euribel Prestes Carneiro, Elza Akiko Natsumeda Utino (Autor)
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